SCASM 2.88

Runway related commands

  

Runway commands:
 
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FS2000 / FS2002 style runways
FS5 - FS98 style runways
FS5 - FS98 style ApproachLights( )

FS2000 style runways

There is a new RUNWAY command in the FS2000 BGL's. The following table shows the relationship between the data fields and the parameter names. Most of the parameternames are the same as in the known FS5 type RunwayData instruction. The flags may have different meanings. Many thanks to Sascha W. Felix and Peter Hiermeier for testing and information.
The LIGHTS switch seem only to work with value 4 (center line lights).
Some parameters are asumed to work similar to the old versions. Please report if you find any differences.


FS2000 - FS2002
Runway( Lat Lon <List of parameters and values> )
 
This is the FS2000 command to draw an runway. It has some new features and no LayerCall is needed. Until now its binary format is not completely known. Maybe this is a "variable length" record and it may become necessary to change some parameters later. Unused parameters are initialised to zero.
 
ALTitude  runway altitude in meters MSL (floating point values accepted). Please note, you are only drawing a picture of the runway at this altitude. This command does not include a hard surface definition. See new section 16 commands for this.
HEADing  true heading of the runway in degrees (float)
LENgth  runway length in ft (integer)
WIDth  runway width in ft (integer)
ID  runway ID number, additional characters [L|R|C] are allowed.
ID numbers are shown only if the ID-bit in parameter "Markers" is set!
SURFace 
number of surface type
number  type  FS2000  FS2002
mud/dirt  runway00.r8
concrete runway01.r8?
asphalt runway02.r8?
grass runway03.r8?
coral runway04.r8?
gravel runway05.r8?
oil treated runway06.r8?
runway07.r8?
snow runway08.r8?
water runway09.r8?

MARKERS    Two digit hex value. Add the corresponding values of the required feature.
  01  white border line (Edge Line) at the left and right side
  02  treshold marker bit, enables the "piano key" painting at the runway ends.
  04  touchdown markers, enables the touch down zone marking 150m (492ft) from the runway threshold.
  08  Fixed distance marker, enables 2 fat distant markerings 300m (984ft) from the runway threshold.
  10  center line
  20  ID number
  40  distance markers, enables distant markings about every 150m. This bit also enables the color change to yellow for the far away runway edge lights.
  80  pavement beyond edge markings
  1000  near end closed
  2000  far end closed
  4000  near end is STOL
  8000  far end is STOL
THRESHOLD  One byte bit pattern to control the threshold markings
  01 ?
  02 ?
  04 ?
  08 low visibility flag for threshold paintings, rwy ID etc. ???
  10 X at the near end of rwy (closed)
  20 X at the far end of rwy (closed)
  40 STOL rwy near end
  80 STOL rwy far
LIGHTS  One digit hex value, controls the ligths at the sides of the runway.
  00  off
  01  low intensity light
  02  medium intensity light
  03  high intensity light
  -  
  04  centerline lightning low intensity
  05  centerline lightning medium intens.
  06  centerline lightning high intens.
  - -
  10  centerline ligth color changes to red at runway ends

The following parameters are available for both ends of the runway. These ends are identified by the last letter
N=near / F=far end. The near end is defined by the "Heading" parameter. It is that end of the runway near to you when aproaching at the given heading.
 
ThrOffN  ThrOffF  Offset distance in ft for displaced thresholds. This section is subtracted from the runway length and is painted with white arrows.
ExtN  ExtF  Runway extension. This pre-threshold area is painted with a yellow chevron marking pointing to the threshold. This length is added to the runway. This area is not available for taxing and landing.
ThrLightsN  ThrLightsF  Hex value
01  enables the green/red treshold lights
02  enables REIL (Runway End Identification Lights, white flashlight.
04  touch down zone lights ON
You MUST switch on the threshold light if you want aproach lights or VASI.
Not fully tested!
69 touch down zone lighs
StrobesN  StrobesF  number of strobes 0...15
VasiSlopeN  VasiSlopeF  VASI slope in degrees (i.e. 3.0)
VasiSideN  VasiSideF  VASI distance from the center line in ft (int). To indicate the side you can use the characters R or L instead of a -/+ sign
(i.e. VasiSideN L120 ). If there is no L/R SCASM assumes the VASI on the left side.
The side is always indicated from the pilot.
VasiDistN  VasiDistF  VASI distance from the middle of the rwy in ft.
No sign is needed !! A '-' sign will reverse the direction. For a 2-bar VASI this distance is measured to the middle of the 2 bars. This distance should correspond to the touch down markers (->Markers) and the ILS-GP.
VasiSpaceN  VasiSpaceF  Spacing between the VASI elements in ft.
VasiBarsN  VasiBarsF  1 or 2 HEX digits for selecting the type of the Visual Approach Slope indicator.
Normally only one digit for selecting the left side VASI type is used.
0            no VASI

1   x        VASI 2
    x

2   x        ?
    x
    x

3   x x      VASI 4
    x x

4   x x      VASI 6
    x x
    x x

5   x x x    VASI 12
    x x x    (both sides)

6     x x    VASI 16
    x x x    (both sides)
    x x x

7   x x      two light PAPI

8   x x x x  four light PAPI

9   x        tri color VASI ?

A   x (flashing when near) ?
AprLN AprLF Aproach lights type/system
Be sure you have threshold lights enabled.
0 none
1 ODALS, syncronous flashing strobes
2 MALSF
3 MALSR
4 SSALF
5 SSALR
6 ALSF-1
7 ALSF-2
8 RAIL, running strobes
9 CALVERT
10  CALVERT2 - ICAO III
There are some aditional parameters in SCASM 2.44 and later. These one have test status and are in different format:
For an overrun area that has different surface type or width than the runway itself:
OverRunN <surface> <length_in_feet> <width_in_feet>
OverRunF <surface> <length_in_feet> <width_in_feet>
This adds distance left signs to the runway:
DistanceN <flags> <offset_in_feet>
DistanceF <flags> <offset_in_feet>
Example for an simple runway:
Header( 1 47 49  9 11 )
LatRange( 49 47 )

Area( 5 48:28  10:12  100 )
    Smoothing( 1 )
    Runway( 48:28  10:12
        altitude 22.5
        heading  45.555
        length   3000
        width    150
        surface  1
        ID       11L
    )
    Smoothing ( 0 )
EndA

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FS5 style runways

Compatible with FS2000 but probably not with later FS versions.

FS5.0 ... FS98 (FS2k)
RunwayData( Lat Lon <List_of_parameters_in_any_sequence> )
 
Runway data record. the Lat Lon parameters must be the first one (without any keyword). All other parameters are entered in any sequence and are identified by the keyword. There must be a space character between the keyword and the data. The capital letters N and F are representing the Near/Far end data. The near end of the runway is that one nearest to you when landing on that end which corresponds with HEADing. Default value for all omitted fields is 0. Runway data are usually embedded in type 5 Area() blocks.
Note, this instruction changes the scaling factor to 0.3048! (ft to m conversion)
 
ALTitude  runway altitude in meters MSL (floating point values accepted). Please note, you are only drawing a picture of the runway at this altitude. This command does not include a hard surface definition. You can fly through this picture if this value does not match with the ground level. Use Synth blocks to adjust the ground level !
HEADing  true heading of the runway in degrees (float)
LENgth  runway length in ft (integer)
WIDth  runway width in ft (integer)
ID  runway ID number,
additional characters [L|R|C] are allowed. ID numbers are shown only if the ID-bit in parameter "Markers" is set!
SURFace  number of surface type:
 
mud
concrete
asphalt
grass
MARKERS    Two digit hex value. Add the corresponding values of the required feature.
  01  white border line (Edge Line) at the left and right side
  02  treshold marker bit, enables the "piano key" painting at the runway ends.
  04  touchdown markers, enables the touch down zone marking 150m (492ft) from the runway threshold.
  08  Fixed distance marker, enables 2 fat distant markerings 300m (984ft) from the runway threshold.
  10  center line
  20  ID number
  40  distance markers, enables distant markings about every 150m. This bit also enables the color change to yellow for the far away runway edge lights.
  80  ???
Lights    One digit hex value, controls the ligths at the sides of the runway.
  off
  low intensity light
  high intensity light
  centerline lightning on

The following parameters are available for both ends of the runway. These ends are identified by the last letter
N=near / F=far end. The near end is defined by the "Heading" parameter. It is that end of the runway near to you when aproaching at the given heading.
 
ThrLightsN  ThrLightsF  Hex value
01  enables the green/red treshold lights
04  enables REIL (Runway End Identification Lights, white flashlight, ignored by some older versions.
You MUST switch on the threshold light if you want aproach lights or VASI.
StrobesN  StrobesF  number of strobes 0...15
VasiSlopeN  VasiSlopeF  VASI slope in degrees
VasiSideN  VasiSideF  VASI distance from the center line in ft (int). To indicate the side you can use the characters R or L instead of a -/+ sign
(i.e. VasiSideN L120 ). If there is no L/R SCASM assumes the VASI on the left side.
The side is always indicated from the pilot.
VasiDistN  VasiDistF  VASI distance from the middle of the rwy in ft.
No sign is needed !! A '-' sign will reverse the direction. For a 2-bar VASI this distance is measured to the middle of the 2 bars. This distance should correspond to the touch down markers (->Markers) and the ILS-GP.
VasiSpaceN  VasiSpaceF  Spacing between the VASI elements in ft.
VasiBarsN  VasiBarsF  Number of VASI bars
no VASI
2 bars
3 bars
AprLN  AprLF  Aproach lights type(decimal). Be sure you have threshold lights enabled.
none
syncronous flashing strobes
MALSF
MALSR
ALSF-1
ALSF-2
running strobes
similar to 10, without the red lights
10  ICAO III (ignored by FS5.0 w/o update)
ThrOffN  ThrOffF  Offset distance in ft for displaced thresholds. This section is subtracted from the runway length and is painted with white arrows. Ignored by older versions.
This parameter changes the threshold light pattern !
ExtN  ExtF  Runway extension. This pre-threshold area is painted with a yellow chevron marking pointing to the threshold. This length is added to the runway. This area is not available for taxing and landing. This parameter also changes the threshold light pattern !

This is a typical sequence for an FS5 runway block:
Area( 5  N54:11:13  E07:55:00  15 )
    LayerCall( :runways 24 )
    Jump( :rwy_end )
    ;
:runways
    ;
    ; first runway record
    ;
    RunwayData( 54:11:17.0493 07:54:57.7855
        altitude 3.5
        heading  57.2
        lenth    846
        width    40
        surface  1
    )
    ;
    ;  next runway record
    ;
    RunwayData( 54:11:16.2394 07:55:00
        alt        3.5  heading    27.2 id      3
        lenth      4788 width      98
        surface    2    lights     13   markers 36
        THRLightsF 1    THRLightsN 1
        VASIBarsF  1    VASISpaceF 330
        VASIdistF  1115
        VASIsideF  r120 VASIslopeF 3.0
        VASIBarsN  1    VASISpaceN 330
        VASIdistN  1115
        VASIsideN  L120 VASIslopeN 3
        ThrOffN    740  ThrOffF    740
    )
    ;
    ;  last runway record
    ;
    RunwayData( 54:11:10.4085 07:54:58.0623
        alt     3.5     head 327.2      len 1312
        wid     98      surf 1          id 33
        markers 32
    )
    Return
    ; Do NOT FORGET this Return !!!
    ; =============================
    ;
:rwy_end
EndA    ; this marks the end of the Area block


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FS5.0 - FS98 / not FS2000
RunwayLights( <list_of_parameters_and_values> )
ApproachLights( <list_of_parameters_and_values> )
 
This command is very similar to RunwayData() but is more elementary. When working with bitmaps you may already have a photo of a runway so you probably do not want to create a second one. This command enables you to iluminate your bitmap runway.
Usually you will need one of this commands for each runway end with the same heading. You must set the "ThrLights" parameter to enable the other lights. To make this command compatible with the RunwayData() command you should use a special scaling factor (0.3048). The altitude setting must be done in the RefPoint( 2 ... ). The parameter names are similar to the names in RanwayData() but without the trailing N/F.
Note: SCASM 1.6 has a bug in some of this parameters.
 
HEADing  heading in degrees
LENgth  distance (position) of the threshold lights measured from the center point (usually half the runway length). Use negative values for the near end.
Depends on the scaling factor
WIDth  runway width, depends on the scaling factor
ThrLights  same as in RunwayData()
Strobes  number of strobes
VasiBars  same as in RunwayData()
VasiSlope  same as in RunwayData()
VasiSide  same as in RunwayData()
VasiDist  same as in RunwayData()
VasiSpace  same as in RunwayData()
AprL  same as in RunwayData()

 

    
TOP © Manfred Moldenhauer